I-Photovoltaic off-grid inverter

Isingeniso Somkhiqizo
I-inverter ye-PV off-grid iyithuluzi lokuguqula amandla eliphusha-ukudonsa likhulisa amandla okufakwayo e-DC bese liwaguqulela kumandla angu-220V AC ngobuchwepheshe be-inverter bridge SPWM sinusoidal pulse wide modulation technology.
Njengama-inverter axhunywe kugridi, ama-inverters e-PV off-grid adinga ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukwethembeka okuphezulu, kanye nohlu olubanzi lwe-voltage yokufaka ye-DC;ezinhlelweni zamandla e-PV aphakathi nendawo namakhulu, ukukhishwa kwe-inverter kufanele kube igagasi le-sinusoidal elinokuhlanekezela okuphansi.

Ukusebenza kanye nezici
1. I-16-bit microcontroller noma i-32-bit DSP microprocessor isetshenziselwa ukulawula.
2.Imodi yokulawula ye-PWM, ithuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle.
3. Sebenzisa idijithali noma i-LCD ukuze ubonise amapharamitha wokusebenza ahlukahlukene, futhi ungasetha imingcele efanele.
4. Igagasi eliyisikwele, igagasi eliguquliwe, ukuphuma kwe-sine wave.Ukukhishwa kwe-Sine wave, izinga lokuhlanekezelwa kwe-waveform lingaphansi kuka-5%.
5. Ukunemba okuphezulu kokuqina kwamandla kagesi, ngaphansi komthwalo olinganiselwe, ukunemba kokukhiphayo ngokuvamile kungaphansi kokuhlanganisa noma susa u-3%.
6. Umsebenzi wokuqalisa kancane ukuze ugweme umthelela wamanje ophezulu kubhethri nokulayisha.
7. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-transformer ephezulu, usayizi omncane nesisindo esincane.
8. Ifakwe isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuxhumana esijwayelekile se-RS232/485, esilungele ukulawula ukuxhumana okukude.
9. Ingasetshenziswa endaweni engaphezu kwamamitha angu-5500 ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle.
10, Ngokuvikelwa kokuxhumeka okubuyela emuva okokufaka, ukuvikelwa kokufakwa kwe-undervoltage, ukuvikelwa kokufakwayo kwe-overvoltage, ukuvikelwa kokuphuma kwe-overvoltage, ukuvikelwa kokukhipha okuchichimayo, ukuvikelwa kwesekethe emfushane okukhiphayo, ukuvikela ukushisa ngokweqile neminye imisebenzi yokuvikela.

Imingcele ebalulekile yezobuchwepheshe yama-inverter angaphandle kwegridi
Lapho ukhetha i-inverter ye-off-grid, ngaphandle kokunaka i-waveform ephumayo kanye nohlobo lokuhlukaniswa kwe-inverter, kunemingcele eminingana yezobuchwepheshe nayo ebaluleke kakhulu, njenge-voltage yesistimu, amandla okukhipha, amandla aphezulu, ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa, isikhathi sokushintsha, njll. Ukukhethwa kwalawa mapharamitha kunomthelela omkhulu esidingweni sikagesi esilayishiwe.
1) I-voltage yesistimu:
Ivolumu yephakethe lebhethri.I-voltage yokufaka ye-off-grid inverter kanye ne-voltage ephumayo yesilawuli kuyafana, ngakho-ke lapho uklama futhi ukhetha imodeli, qaphela ukugcina okufanayo nesilawuli.
2) Amandla okukhiphayo:
Inkulumo yamandla e-off-grid inverter enezinhlobo ezimbili, eyodwa iwukubonakaliswa kwamandla okusobala, iyunithi i-VA, lolu uphawu lwe-UPS oluyireferensi, amandla asebenzayo asebenzayo nawo adinga ukuphindaphinda into yamandla, njenge-500VA off-grid inverter. , isici samandla singu-0.8, amandla asebenzayo asebenzayo angama-400W, okusho ukuthi, angakwazi ukushayela umthwalo ophikisayo we-400W, njengezibani zikagesi, abapheki bokungenisa, njll.;eyesibili yinkulumo yamandla asebenzayo, iyunithi ingu-W, njenge-5000W off-grid inverter, amandla asebenzayo okukhiphayo wangempela ngu-5000W.
3) Amandla aphezulu:
Kuhlelo lwe-PV off-grid, amamojula, amabhethri, ama-inverters, imithwalo yakha uhlelo lukagesi, amandla okukhipha inverter, anqunywa umthwalo, eminye imithwalo ye-inductive, njengama-air conditioners, amaphampu, njll. amandla okuqala izikhathi ezi-3-5 amandla alinganiselwe, ngakho-ke i-inverter ye-off-grid inezidingo ezikhethekile zokulayisha ngokweqile.Amandla aphezulu amandla okulayisha ngokweqile we-off-grid inverter.
I-inverter inikeza amandla okuqala kumthwalo, ingxenye yebhethri noma i-PV module, futhi okweqile kunikezwa izingxenye zokugcina amandla ngaphakathi kwe-inverter - ama-capacitors nama-inductors.Ama-Capacitor kanye nama-inductors kokubili yizingxenye zokugcina amandla, kodwa umehluko wukuthi ama-capacitors agcina amandla kagesi ngendlela yensimu kagesi, futhi amandla amakhulu we-capacitor, amandla amaningi angawagcina.Ama-inductors, ngakolunye uhlangothi, agcina amandla ngendlela yezibuthe.Ubukhulu be-magnetic permeability ye-inductor core, i-inductance enkulu, namandla amaningi angagcinwa.
4) Ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa:
Ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwesistimu ye-Off-grid kuhlanganisa izici ezimbili, eyodwa ukusebenza kahle komshini ngokwawo, i-off-grid inverter circuit iyinkimbinkimbi, ukuze idlule ekuguqulweni kwezigaba eziningi, ngakho ukusebenza kahle okuphelele kungaphansi kancane kune-inverter exhunywe kugridi, ngokuvamile. phakathi kwama-80-90%, amandla amakhulu okusebenza kahle komshini wokushintshashintshashintshashintshashintshayo, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-high-frequency kune-frequency isolation ukusebenza kahle aphezulu, kulapho ukusebenza kahle kwe-voltage yesistimu nakho kuphezulu.Okwesibili, ukusebenza kahle kokushaja nokukhipha ibhethri, lokhu luhlobo lwebhethri olunobuhlobo, lapho amandla okukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic kanye nokuvumelanisa kwamandla okulayisha, i-photovoltaic inganikeza ngokuqondile umthwalo ozosetshenziswa, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokudlula ukuguqulwa kwebhethri.
5) Isikhathi sokushintsha:
Isistimu ye-Off-grid enomthwalo, kukhona i-PV, ibhethri, i-utility izindlela ezintathu, lapho amandla ebhethri enganele, shintshela kumodi ye-utility, kunesikhathi sokushintsha, ezinye iziguquli ze-off-grid zisebenzisa ukushintsha kwe-electronic, isikhathi phakathi kwama-millisecond angu-10, amakhompyutha edeskithophu ngeke acime, ukukhanya ngeke kulokoze.Ezinye iziguquli ze-off-grid zisebenzisa ukushintsha kwe-relay, isikhathi singase sibe ngaphezu kwama-millisecond angu-20, futhi ikhompuyutha yedeskithophu ingase ivale noma iqalise kabusha.