Isimiso Sokusebenza Sezinqwaba Zokushaja ze-DC Zezimoto Ezintsha Zamandla

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-pile okushaja

IInqwaba yokushaja i-ACisabalalisa amandla e-AC kusuka kugridi yamandla kuya ku-imojuli yokushajayemoto ngokusebenzisa ulwazi oluphathelene nokusebenzisana nemoto, kanyeimojuli yokushajaemotweni ilawula amandla okushaja ibhethri lamandla kusuka ku-AC kuya ku-DC.

IIsibhamu sokushaja se-AC (Uhlobo 1, Uhlobo 2, GB/T) ngobaIziteshi zokushaja ze-ACinezimbobo zokugcina eziyi-7, izimbobo eziyi-7 zinezimbobo zensimbi ezisekela izigaba ezintathuIziteshi zokushaja izimoto zikagesi ze-AC(380V), izimbobo ezi-7 zinezimbobo ezi-5 kuphela ezineziphetho zensimbi ezingesigaba esisodwaIshaja ye-AC ev(220V), izibhamu zokushaja ze-AC zincane kune-Izibhamu zokushaja ze-DC (CCS1, CCS2, GB/T, Chademo).

IInqwaba yokushaja ye-DCIguqula amandla e-AC egridi yamandla abe amandla e-DC ukuze ishaje ibhethri lamandla lemoto ngokusebenzisana nemoto ngolwazi, futhi ilawula amandla okukhipha inqwaba yokushaja ngokusho komphathi webhethri emotweni.

Kunezimbobo eziyi-9 zokugcina esibhamu sokushaja se-DCIziteshi zokushaja ze-DC, futhi isibhamu sokushaja se-DC sikhulu kunesibhamu sokushaja se-AC.

2. Isimiso esiyisisekelo sokusebenza kwama-DC charging piles

Kumazinga omkhakha i-“NB/T 33001-2010: Izimo Zobuchwepheshe Zamashaja Okuqhuba Angangeni Ebhodini Ezimoto Zikagesi” akhishwe yi-National Energy Administration, kuboniswe ukuthi ukwakheka okuyisisekelo kweIshaja ye-DC evkufaka phakathi: iyunithi yamandla, iyunithi yokulawula, iyunithi yokulinganisa, isikhombikubona sokushaja, isikhombikubona sokuphakelwa kwamandla kanye nesikhombikubona sokusebenzisana kwabantu nekhompyutha. Iyunithi yamandla ibhekisela kwimojula yokushaja ye-DC, kanti iyunithi yokulawula ibhekisela kwisilawuli senqwaba yokushaja. Njengomkhiqizo wokuhlanganiswa kwesistimu, ngaphezu kwezingxenye ezimbili ze-“Imodyuli yokushaja ye-DC"futhi"isilawuli senqwaba yokushaja"Okwakha umongo wobuchwepheshe, ukwakheka kwesakhiwo nakho kungenye yamaphuzu abalulekile okuklama ukuthembeka kwenqwaba yonke. "Isilawuli senqwaba yokushaja" singesesigaba sobuchwepheshe behadiwe nesofthiwe ehlanganisiwe, futhi "imodyuli yokushaja ye-DC" imelela impumelelo ephezulu kakhulu yobuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi yamandla emkhakheni we-AC/DC.

Inqubo eyisisekelo yokushaja yile: layisha i-DC voltage kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zebhethri, shaja ibhethri ngogesi ophezulu oqhubekayo, i-voltage yebhethri ikhuphuka kancane kancane, ikhuphuke ngezinga elithile, i-voltage yebhethri ifinyelela inani elijwayelekile, i-SoC ifinyelela ku-95% (kumabhethri ahlukene, ahlukile), futhi iyaqhubeka nokushaja ibhethri ngogesi oqhubekayo kanye nogesi omncane. "I-voltage iyakhuphuka, kodwa ibhethri aligcwele, okungukuthi, aligcwele, uma kunesikhathi, ungashintshela kugesi omncane ukuze ulicebise." Ukuze ufeze le nqubo yokushaja, inqwaba yokushaja idinga ukuba "nemojuli yokushaja ye-DC" ukuze inikeze amandla e-DC ngokwemisebenzi; Kuyadingeka ukuba "nesilawuli senqwaba yokushaja" ukuze silawule "ukuvula, ukuvala, i-voltage yokuphuma, kanye nogesi wokuphuma" wemojuli yokushaja; Kuyadingeka ukuba "nesikrini sokuthinta" njengesixhumi esibonakalayo somshini womuntu ukuze sikhiphe imiyalelo, futhi isilawuli sizokhipha imiyalelo efana "nokuvula, ukuvala, i-voltage yokuphuma, i-current yokuphuma" kanye neminye imiyalelo kumojuli yokushaja. Okulula kakhulu inqwaba yokushaja imoto kagesiKuqondwa kusukela ezingeni likagesi kuphela okudingeka ukuthi kube nemojuli yokushaja, ibhodi lokulawula kanye nesikrini sokuthinta; Uma imiyalo efana nokuvula, ukuvala kanye ne-voltage yokuphuma] yamanje yokuphuma yenziwe yaba amakhibhodi amaningana kumojuli yokushaja, khona-ke imojuli yokushaja ingashaja ibhethri.

Iingxenye kagesi yeshaja ye-DCiqukethe isekethe eyinhloko kanye nesekethe yesibili. Ukufakwa kwe-loop eyinhloko kungumshini oshintshashintshayo wesigaba ezintathu, oguqulwa ube ugesi oqondile owamukelekayo yi-module yokushaja (i-module ye-rectifier) ​​ngemuva kwe-input circuit breaker kanye ne-AC smart energy meter, bese uxhuma i-fuse kanyeisibhamu sokushaja se-EVukushaja imoto kagesi. Isekethe yesibili iquketheinqwaba yokushaja imoto kagesiisilawuli, isifundi sekhadi, isikrini sokubonisa, imitha ye-DC, njll. Isekethe yesibili iphinde inikeze ukulawula "kokuqala-ukuma" kanye nokusebenza "kokuyeka okuphuthumayo"; Isibani sesignali sinikeza izinkomba "zokulinda", "ukushaja" kanye nesimo "esigcwele"; Njengedivayisi yokusebenzisana komuntu nekhompyutha, isibonisi sinikeza ukuswayipha ikhadi, ukusetha imodi yokushaja kanye nemisebenzi yokulawula ukuqala-ukuma.

Isimiso sikagesi sama-DC charging piles sifingqiwe kanje:

• Imojuli yokushaja eyodwa okwamanje inamandla angu-15kW kuphela, engakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamandla, futhi idinga amamojula amaningi okushaja ukuze asebenze ndawonye ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi idinga ukuba nebhasi le-CAN ukuze kufezwe ukwabelana kwamanje kwamamojula amaningi;
• Ukufakwa kwemojuli yokushaja kuvela kugridi yamandla, okuwumthombo wamandla aphezulu, okubandakanya igridi yamandla nokuphepha komuntu siqu, ikakhulukazi ukuphepha komuntu siqu, kuyadingeka ukufaka iswishi yomoya (igama lesayensi lithi “i-plastic shell circuit breaker”), iswishi yokuvikela umbani noma ngisho neswishi yokuvuza ekugcineni kokufakwa;
• Umphumela wenqwaba yokushaja ungumthamo ophezulu wamandla kagesi kanye nomthamo wamandla aphezulu, ibhethri liyi-electrochemical, kulula ukuliqhumisa, ukuvimbela ukuphepha kokusebenza kabi, umkhiqizo kumele ube ne-fuse;
• Izinkinga zokuphepha zibaluleke kakhulu, ngaphezu kwezinyathelo ezisetshenziswa ekugcineni kokufakwa, izingidi zomshini kanye nezingidi zikagesi kumele zibe khona, ukuhlolwa kokushisa kumele kube khona, kanye nokumelana nokukhishwa kwamanzi kumele kube khona;
• Ukuthi ibhethri liyakwamukela yini ukushaja akunqunywa yinqwaba yokushaja, kodwa ubuchopho bebhethri, i-BMS. I-BMS ikhipha imiyalelo kumlawuli yokuthi "kufanele yini kuvunyelwe ukushaja, ukuthi kuqedwe ukushaja, ukuthi kungamukelwa i-voltage kanye nomsinga ongakanani", bese umlawuli ewuthumela kumojuli yokushaja. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ukuxhumana kwe-CAN phakathi komlawuli ne-BMS, kanye nokuxhumana kwe-CAN phakathi komlawuli nemojuli yokushaja;
• Inqwaba yokushaja idinga nokubhekwa nokuphathwa, futhi isilawuli sidinga ukuxhunywa ngemuva nge-WiFi noma i-3G/4G kanye namanye amamojula okuxhumana kwenethiwekhi;
• Ibhili kagesi yokushaja ayimahhala, futhi kudingeka kufakwe imitha, futhi kudingeka umfundi wekhadi ukuze kufezwe umsebenzi wokukhokha;
• Kudingeka kube nokukhanya okucacile kwesikhombisi egobolondweni lenqwaba yokushaja, ngokuvamile izibani ezintathu zesikhombisi, ezibonisa ukushaja, iphutha kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla ngokulandelana;
• Umklamo wemibhobho yomoya yama-DC charging piles uyisihluthulelo. Ngaphezu kolwazi lwesakhiwo, umklamo wemibhobho yomoya udinga ukuthi kufakwe ifeni enqwabeni yokushaja, yize kukhona ifeni ngaphakathi kwemojuli ngayinye yokushaja.