Isimiso Esisebenzayo se-DC Ukushaja Izinqwaba Zezimoto Ezintsha Zamandla

1. Ukuhlelwa kwezinqwaba zokushaja

IInqwaba yokushaja i-ACisabalalisa amandla e-AC ukusuka kugridi yamandla kuya ku-imojuli yokushajayemoto ngokusebenzisana kolwazi nemoto, kanyeimojuli yokushajaemotweni ilawula amandla okushaja ibhethri lamandla ukusuka ku-AC ukuya ku-DC.

IIsibhamu sokushaja i-AC(Type1, Type2, GB/T) okweIziteshi zokushaja ze-ACinezimbobo zokugcina ezingu-7, izimbobo ezingu-7 zinezinsimbi ezisekela izigaba ezintathuIziteshi zokushaja izimoto zikagesi ze-AC(380V), izimbobo eziyi-7 zinezimbobo ezi-5 kuphela ezinamatheminali ensimbi zinesigaba esisodwaIshaja ye-AC(220V), izibhamu zokushaja i-AC zincane kuneIzibhamu zokushaja i-DC(CCS1, CCS2, GB/T, Chademo).

IInqwaba yokushaja i-DCiguqula amandla e-AC wegridi yamandla ibe amandla e-DC ukuze ishaje ibhethri lamandla emoto ngokusebenzisana nemoto ngolwazi, futhi ilawula amandla okukhiphayo enqwaba yokushaja ngokusho komphathi webhethri emotweni.

Kunezimbobo zokugcina ezingu-9 ku-DC yokushaja isibhamuIziteshi zokushaja ze-DC, futhi isibhamu sokushaja i-DC sikhulu kunesibhamu sokushaja i-AC.

2. Isimiso esiyisisekelo sokusebenza se-DC yokushaja izinqwaba

Ezingeni lembonini elithi "NB/T 33001-2010: Izimo Zobuchwepheshe Zamashaja Okuqhuba Izimoto Ezingekho Ebhodini Zezimoto zikagesi" elikhishwe yi-National Energy Administration, kuboniswa ukuthi ukwakheka okuyisisekeloIshaja ye-DCkuhlanganisa: iyunithi yamandla, iyunithi yokulawula, iyunithi yokulinganisa, isixhumi esibonakalayo sokushaja, isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuphakelwa kwamandla kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo sokusebenzisana komuntu nekhompyutha. Iyunithi yamandla ibhekisela kumojula yokushaja ye-DC, futhi iyunithi yokulawula ibhekisela kusilawuli senqwaba yokushaja. Njengomkhiqizo wokuhlanganiswa kwesistimu, ngaphezu kwezingxenye ezimbili ze- “Imojula yokushaja ye-DC” kanye “isilawuli senqwaba yokushaja” ohlanganisa ingqikithi yobuchwepheshe, ukwakheka kwesakhiwo nakho kungenye yezindawo ezibalulekile zedizayini yokuthembeka kwayo yonke inqwaba “Isilawuli senqwaba yokushaja” siyingxenye yesigaba sezingxenyekazi zekhompiyutha ezishumekiwe kanye nobuchwepheshe besofthiwe, futhi “imojula yokushaja ye-DC” imele impumelelo ephezulu kakhulu yobuchwepheshe bamandla kagesi emkhakheni we-AC/DC.

Inqubo eyisisekelo yokushaja yile: layisha i-voltage ye-DC kuzo zombili iziphetho zebhethri, shaja ibhethri ngamandla aphezulu angaguquki, i-voltage yebhethri ikhuphuka kancane kancane futhi ikhuphuka kancane, ikhuphuke ngezinga elithile, i-voltage yebhethri ifinyelela inani legama, i-SoC ifinyelela ku-95% (ngamabhethri ahlukene, ahlukene), futhi iyaqhubeka nokushaja ibhethri nge-voltage engashintshi kanye namandla amancane. “I-voltage iyakhuphuka, kodwa ibhethri aligcwali, okusho ukuthi aligcwele, uma isikhathi sikhona, ungashintshela kumshini omncane wokunothisa.” Ukuze kuqashelwe le nqubo yokushaja, inqwaba yokushaja idinga ukuba “nemojula yokushaja ye-DC” ukuze inikeze amandla e-DC ngokwemibandela yokusebenza; Kuyadingeka ukuba "nesilawuli senqwaba yokushaja" ukuze ulawule "ukukhanyisa amandla, ukuvala shaqa, i-voltage ephumayo, kanye ne-output current" yemojula yokushaja; Kudingeka ukuthi ube “nesikrini sokuthinta” njengesixhumi esibonakalayo somshini womuntu ukuze ukhiphe imiyalelo, futhi isilawuli sizokhipha imiyalelo efana nokuthi “ukuvula amandla, ukuvala shaqa, ugesi ophumayo, amandla okukhiphayo” neminye imiyalelo kumojuli yokushaja. Okulula kakhulu inqwaba yokushaja imoto kagesikuqondwe kusuka ezingeni likagesi kudinga kuphela ukuba ne-module yokushaja, ibhodi lokulawula kanye nesikrini sokuthinta; Uma imiyalo efana nokuvula amandla, ukuvala shaqa kanye ne-voltage ephumayo] yenziwa yaba amakhibhodi amaningana kumojuli yokushaja, khona-ke imojula yokushaja ingashaja ibhethri.

Iingxenye kagesi yeshaja ye-DCiqukethe isekethe eyinhloko kanye nesekhethi yesibili. Okufakwayo kwe-loop eyinhloko ugesi oshintshashintshayo wezigaba ezintathu, oguqulwa ube wamanje oqondile owamukelekayo imojula yokushaja (imojula yokulungisa kabusha) ngemva kwe-breaker circuit kanye nemitha yamandla ehlakaniphile ye-AC, bese ixhuma i-fuse kanyeisibhamu seshaja evukushaja imoto kagesi. Isekethe yesibili iqukethe ainqwaba yokushaja imoto kagesiisilawuli, isifundi sekhadi, isikrini sokubonisa, imitha ye-DC, njll. Isekethe yesibili iphinde inikeze ukulawula "sokuqalisa" kanye nokusebenza "kokumisa okuphuthumayo"; Ukukhanya kwesignali kunikeza izinkomba zesimo "sokulinda", "ukushaja" kanye "nokugcwele"; Njengedivayisi yokusebenzisana nekhompyutha yomuntu, isibonisi sihlinzeka ngokuswayipha ikhadi, ukulungiselelwa kwemodi yokushaja kanye nemisebenzi yokulawula ukuqalisa.

Umgomo kagesi wezinqwaba zokushaja ze-DC ufinyezwa kanjena:

• Imojula yokushaja eyodwa okwamanje ingu-15kW kuphela, engakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamandla, futhi idinga amamojula amaningi wokushaja ukuze asebenze ndawonye ngokuhambisana, futhi idinga ukuba nebhasi le-CAN ukuze kuzuzwe ukwabelana kwamanje kwamamojula amaningi;
• Okokufaka kwemodyuli yokushaja kuvela kugridi yamandla, okuwumthombo wamandla aphezulu, okubandakanya igridi yamandla nokuphepha komuntu siqu, ikakhulukazi ukuphepha komuntu siqu, kuyadingeka ukufaka inkinobho yomoya (igama lesayensi "i-plastic shell circuit breaker"), inkinobho yokuvikela umbani noma ngisho nokushintsha kokuvuza ekugcineni kokufaka;
• Ukukhishwa kwenqwaba yokushaja kuyi-voltage ephezulu futhi yamanje ephezulu, ibhethri i-electrochemical, kulula ukuqhuma, ukuvimbela ukuphepha kokungahambi kahle, okukhiphayo kufanele kube ne-fuse;
• Izinkinga zokuphepha zibaluleke kakhulu, ngaphezu kwezinyathelo ekugcineni okokufaka, izingidi zemishini nezingidi ze-elekthronikhi kufanele zibe khona, ukuhlolwa kokufakwa kwe-insulation kumele kube khona, futhi ukumelana nokukhishwa kufanele kube khona;
• Ukuthi ibhethri liyakwamukela ukushajwa akunqunywa yinqwaba yokushaja, kodwa ubuchopho bebhethri, i-BMS. I-BMS ikhipha iziqondiso kusilawuli zokuthi “ukuthi ukuvumela ukushaja, ukunqamula ukushaja, ukuthi ingakanani i-voltage namandla angamukelwa”, bese isilawuli sikukhiphela kumojula yokushaja. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ukuxhumana kwe-CAN phakathi kwesilawuli ne-BMS, kanye nokuxhumana kwe-CAN phakathi kwesilawuli nemojula yokushaja;
• Inqwaba yokushaja nayo idinga ukugadwa nokuphathwa, futhi isilawuli sidinga ukuxhunywa ngemuva nge-WiFi noma i-3G/4G namanye amamojula okuxhumana kwenethiwekhi;
• Ibhili kagesi yokushaja ayimahhala, futhi imitha idinga ukufakwa, futhi isifundi sekhadi siyadingeka ukuze kuqashwe umsebenzi wokukhokha;
• Kudingeka kube nokukhanya okukhomba okucacile egobolondweni lenqwaba yokushaja, ngokuvamile amalambu ezinkomba ezintathu, abonisa ukushaja, iphutha kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla ngokulandelana;
• Idizayini yepayipi lomoya lenqwaba yokushaja ye-DC ibalulekile. Ngaphezu kolwazi lwesakhiwo, ukwakheka kwepayipi lomoya kudinga ukuthi kufakwe ifeni enqwabeni yokushaja, nakuba kunefeni ngaphakathi kwemojuli yokushaja ngayinye.