'Ulimi' lweziteshi zokushaja ze-EV: ukuhlaziywa okukhulu kwezinqubo zokushaja

Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimoto zikagesi zingalinganisa ngokuzenzakalelayo amandla okushaja ngemva kokuxhumainqwaba yokushajaKungani abanyeizinqwaba zokushajaukushaja ngokushesha kanti abanye kancane? Ngemuva kwalokhu empeleni kukhona isethi "yolimi olungabonakali" olulawulayo - okungukuthi, inqubo yokushaja. Namuhla, ake sembule "imithetho yengxoxo" phakathiizinqwaba zokushaja nezimoto zikagesi!

1. Iyini inqubo yokushaja?

• IIphrothokholi Yokushaja"ulimi+isikhathi" sokuxhumana phakathi kwezimoto zikagesi (ama-EV) kanyeiziteshi zokushaja ze-ev(ama-EVSE) achaza:
• I-voltage, ububanzi bamanje (inquma isivinini sokushaja)
• Imodi Yokushaja (i-AC/DC)
• Indlela yokuvikela ukuphepha (i-over-voltage, i-over-current, ukuqapha izinga lokushisa, njll.)
• Ukusebenzisana kwedatha (isimo sebhethri, inqubekela phambili yokushaja, njll.)

Ngaphandle kwephrothokholi ehlangene,izinqwaba zokushaja ze-EVfuthi izimoto zikagesi zingase “zingaqondani”, okubangela ukungakwazi ukushaja noma ukushaja okungasebenzi kahle.

2. Yiziphi izindlela zokushaja ezivamile?

Okwamanje, okuvamileizinqubo zokushaja ze-evemhlabeni wonke zihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezigaba ezilandelayo:

(1) Iphrothokholi yokushaja i-AC

Ilungele ukushaja kancane (ama-AC asekhaya/omphakathi):

• I-GB/T (izinga likazwelonke): izinga laseShayina, izimpahla zasekhaya ezivamile, njenge-BYD, i-NIO kanye nezinye izinhlobo ezisetshenzisiwe.
• I-IEC 61851 (izinga laseYurophu): elisetshenziswa kakhulu eYurophu, njengeTesla (inguqulo yaseYurophu), iBMW, njll.
• I-SAE J1772 (izinga laseMelika): Izimoto ezivamile zaseNyakatho Melika, njengeTesla (inguqulo yase-US), iFord, njll.

(2) Iphrothokholi yokushaja okusheshayo ye-DC

Ilungele ukushaja okusheshayo (izinqwaba zokushaja okusheshayo zomphakathi ze-DC):

• I-GB/T (i-National Standard DC): Umphakathi wasekhayaiziteshi zokushaja okusheshayo ze-dczisetshenziswa kakhulu, njenge-State Grid, i-Telei, njll.
• I-CCS (Combo): isetshenziswa kakhulu eYurophu nase-United States, ihlanganisa i-AC (J1772) kanye ne-DC interfaces.
• I-CHAdeMO: Izinga elijwayelekile laseJapan, elalisetshenziswa kumamodeli okuqala e-Nissan Leaf nakwamanye, kancane kancane lathathelwa indawo yi-I-CCS.
• I-Tesla NACS: Iphrothokholi ekhethekile ye-Tesla, kodwa ivulelwa eminye imikhiqizo (isib. i-Ford, i-GM).

3. Kungani izinqubo ezahlukene zithinta isivinini sokushaja?

Iiphrothokholi yokushaja imoto kagesiinquma ukuxoxisana kwamandla okuphezulu phakathiishaja ye-evkanye nemoto. Isibonelo:

• Uma imoto yakho isekela i-GB/T 250A, kodwainqwaba yokushaja imoto kagesiisekela kuphela i-200A, amandla okushaja angempela azokhawulelwa ku-200A.
• I-Tesla Supercharging (NACS) inganikeza amandla aphezulu angu-250kW+, kodwa ukushaja okusheshayo okujwayelekile kazwelonke kungaba ngu-60-120kW kuphela.

Ukuhambisana nakho kubalulekile:

• Ukusebenzisa ama-adaptha (njenge-adaptha ye-GB ye-Tesla) kungashintshwa ukuze kuhambisane nezinqubo ezahlukene, kodwa amandla angase alinganiselwe.
• Abanyeiziteshi zokushaja izimoto zikagesisekela ukuhambisana kwe-multi-protocol (njengokusekelaI-GB/Tkanye ne-CHAdeMO ngesikhathi esifanayo).

4. Izitayela Zesikhathi Esizayo: Isivumelwano Esihlangene?

Okwamanje, emhlabeni jikeleleizinqubo zokushaja imoto kagesiazivumelani ngokugcwele, kodwa umkhuba yilo:

• I-Tesla NACS iya ngokuya iba yinto evamile eNyakatho Melika (i-Ford, i-GM, njll. ijoyina).
• I-CCS2iyabusa eYurophu.
• I-GB/T yaseShayina isathuthukiswa ukuze ivumelane nokushaja okusheshayo kwamandla aphezulu (njengezinkundla ze-800V high-voltage).
• Izinqubo zokushaja okungenantambo ezifanaI-SAE J2954ziyathuthukiswa.

5. Amathiphu: Ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi ukushaja kuyahambisana?

Uma uthenga imoto: Qinisekisa inqubo yokushaja esekelwa yimoto (njengezinga likazwelonke/izinga laseYurophu/izinga laseMelika).

Uma ushaja: Sebenzisa i-compatibleisiteshi sokushaja izimoto zikagesi, noma uphathe i-adaptha (njengabanikazi be-Tesla).

Inqwaba yokushaja okusheshayoukukhetha: Hlola iphrothokholi ephawulwe enqwabeni yokushaja (njenge-CCS, GB/T, njll.).

isifinyezo

Iphrothokholi yokushaja ifana "nephasiwedi" phakathi kwemoto kagesi kanye ne-isiteshi sokushaja se-ev, futhi ukufanisa kuphela okungashajwa kahle. Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, kungase kuhlanganiswe kakhulu esikhathini esizayo, kodwa kusadingeka ukunaka ukuhambisana. Iyiphi inqubo esetshenziswa yimoto yakho kagesi? Hamba uyohlola ilogo echwebeni lokushaja!