Isimo Somhlaba Wonke Sengqalasizinda Yokushaja I-EV: Izitayela, Amathuba, kanye Nemiphumela Yenqubomgomo

Ukushintshela emhlabeni wonke ezimotweni zikagesi (ama-EV) kubeke isisekeloIziteshi zokushaja ze-EV, amashaja e-AC, amashaja asheshayo e-DC, kanye nama-electrocharging piles njengezinsika ezibalulekile zokuhamba okusimeme. Njengoba izimakethe zomhlaba wonke zisheshisa ukushintshela kwazo ekuhambeni okuluhlaza, ukuqonda izitayela zokwamukelwa kwamanje, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, kanye nokuguquguquka kwenqubomgomo kubalulekile kumabhizinisi nakubathengi ngokufanayo.

Ukungena Kwemakethe Nemikhuba Yesifunda

1. INyakatho Melika: Ukwanda Okusheshayo Ngokusekelwa Yinqubomgomo
I-US ihola ukukhula kwengqalasizinda ye-EV yaseNyakatho Melika, eqhutshwa yi-Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, ebeka amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-7.5 ukwakha ama-500,000iziteshi zokushaja ze-EV zomphakathingo-2030. NgenkathiAmashaja e-AC(Izinga 2) libusa kakhulu ekufakweni kwezindawo zokuhlala kanye nezindawo zokusebenza, isidingo sazoAmashaja asheshayo e-DC(Izinga 3) liyakhula, ikakhulukazi emigwaqweni emikhulu nasezindaweni zokuhweba. Inethiwekhi ye-Supercharger ye-Tesla kanye neziteshi ze-Electrify America ezishesha kakhulu zingabadlali ababalulekile, yize izinselelo ezifana nokwebiwa kwekhebula kanye nezindleko zesevisi eziphakeme ziqhubeka.

2. IYurophu: Izinhloso Ezinesifiso Esijulile kanye Nezikhala Zengqalasizinda
Ukushaja kwe-EV eYurophu ngemva kokufakwa kukhuthazwa yimithetho eqinile yokukhishwa kwegesi, njengokuvinjelwa kwe-EU ngo-2035 kwezinjini zokushisa zangaphakathi. I-UK, isibonelo, ihlela ukufaka ezintsha ezingu-145,000iziteshi zokushaja izimoto zikagesiminyaka yonke, njengoba iLondon isivele isebenzisa izindawo zomphakathi ezingu-20,000. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ukungalingani kwesifunda: Amashaja e-DC ahlala egxile ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, futhi ukucekelwa phansi kwempahla (isb., ukusika ikhebula) kudala izinselele zokusebenza.

3. I-Asia-Pacific: Izimakethe Ezisafufusa Nokusungula Izinto Ezintsha
I-AustraliaInqwaba yokushaja ye-EVImakethe ikhula ngokushesha, isekelwa yizibonelelo zikahulumeni kanye nokubambisana ukuze kwandiswe amanethiwekhi ezindaweni ezikude. Okwamanje, iShayina ibusa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe emhlabeni jikeleleAmashaja e-AC/DC, kusetshenziswa izixazululo zokukhiqiza ezingabizi kakhulu kanye nokushaja okuhlakaniphile. Imikhiqizo yaseShayina manje ikhiqiza ngaphezu kwama-60% emishini yokushaja engeniswa eYurophu, naphezu kwezithiyo zokuqinisekisa ezikhulayo.

Intuthuko Yezobuchwepheshe Ebumba Ikusasa

• Amashaja e-DC Anamandla Aphezulu: Iziteshi zokushaja ze-DC zesizukulwane esilandelayo (ezifinyelela ku-360kW) zinciphisa izikhathi zokushaja zibe ngaphansi kwemizuzu engama-20, okubalulekile ezindizeni zezentengiselwano kanye nokuhamba ibanga elide.
• I-V2GIzinhlelo (Zokusuka Emotweni Kuya Kugridi): Amashaja e-EV aqondisa izinhlangothi ezimbili avumela ukugcinwa kwamandla kanye nokuzinzisa igridi, okuhambisana nokuhlanganiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo.
• Izixazululo Zokushaja Ezihlakaniphile: Izingobo zokushaja ze-EV ezinikwe amandla yi-IoT ezineI-OCPP 2.0ukuhambisana kuvumela ukuphathwa komthwalo oguqukayo kanye nezilawuli zohlelo lokusebenza ezilula ukusebenziseka.

Inqubomgomo kanye Nezindlela Zokukhokha Izindleko: Amathuba Nezinselele

1. Izisusa Eziqhuba Ukwamukelwa

Ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke bakhipha uxhaso lwengqalasizinda yokushaja i-EV. Isibonelo:

• I-US inikeza amakhredithi entela ahlanganisa u-30% wezindleko zokufaka amashaja asheshayo e-DC ebhizinisi.
• I-Australia inikeza izibonelelo zeziteshi zokushaja ze-EV ezihlanganiswe nelanga ezindaweni zesifunda.

2. Izithiyo Zentela kanye Nezidingo Zokutholakala Kwendawo
Ngenkathi izinqwaba zokushaja ze-EV zaseShayina zibusa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, izimakethe ezifana ne-US ne-EU ziqinisa imithetho yendawo. UMthetho Wokunciphisa Ukwehla Kwamanani Ezinto wase-US (IRA) uyala ukuthi izingxenye zeshaja ezingama-55% zikhiqizwe ngaphakathi ezweni ngo-2026, okuthinta izintambo zokuphakelwa komhlaba wonke. Ngokufanayo, isitifiketi se-CE saseYurophu kanye nezindinganiso zokuphepha kwe-cyber (isb., i-ISO 15118) zidinga ukulungiswa okubizayo kwabakhiqizi bakwamanye amazwe.

3. Imithethonqubo Yezimali Zesevisi
Amamodeli entengo angajwayelekile (isb., izimali zesevisi ezingaphezu kwezindleko zikagesi eShayina nase-US) aqokomisa isidingo sezinqubomgomo ezisobala. Ohulumeni baya ngokuya bengenelela; isibonelo, iJalimane ibeka imali yesevisi yesiteshi sokushaja i-EV yomphakathi ku-€0.40/kWh.

Umbono Wesikhathi Esizayo: Imakethe YamaRandi Ayizigidi Eziyizigidi Ezingama-200 ngo-2030
Imakethe yengqalasizinda yokushaja i-EV yomhlaba wonke kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ku-29.1% CAGR, ifinyelele ku-$200 billion ngo-2030. Izitayela ezibalulekile zifaka:

• Amanethiwekhi Okushaja Okushesha Kakhulu:Amashaja e-DC angu-350kW+ukusekela amaloli namabhasi.
• Ukufakwa kukagesi ezindaweni zasemakhaya: Izindawo zokushaja ze-EV ezisebenza ngamandla elanga ezindaweni ezinganakekelwa kahle.
• Ukushintshaniswa Kwebhethri: Okuhambisana neziteshi zokushaja ze-EV ezindaweni ezifunwa kakhulu.

Isiphetho
Ukwanda kweAmashaja e-EV, iziteshi zokushaja ze-AC/DC, kanye nezinqwaba zokushaja ze-EV kushintsha ezokuthutha zomhlaba wonke. Ngenkathi ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha kukhuthaza ukukhula, amabhizinisi kumele abhekane nobunzima bentela kanye nezidingo zendawo. Ngokubeka phambili ukusebenzisana, ukusimama, kanye nemiklamo egxile kubasebenzisi, ababambiqhaza bangavula amandla aphelele ale mboni eguqulayo.

Joyina Ukushaja Okuya Ekusasa Eliluhlaza
Hlola izixazululo zokushaja ze-EV ezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-BeiHai Power Group—eziqinisekisiwe, ezikwazi ukulinganiswa, futhi ezilungiselelwe izimakethe zomhlaba wonke. Masisebenze ndawonye enkathini elandelayo yokuhambahamba.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluningiliziwe lwemakethe noma amathuba okubambisana, xhumana nathi namuhla.