Ngoshintsho lwesakhiwo samandla omhlaba wonke kanye nokwanda komqondo wokuvikelwa kwemvelo, imakethe yezimoto ezintsha zamandla ikhula ngokushesha, kanti nezikhungo zokushaja ezisekelayo nazo zithole ukunakwa okungakaze kubonwe. Ngaphansi kohlelo lwaseShayina lwe-“Belt and Road”, ukushaja ama-pile akugcini nje ngokuchuma emakethe yasekhaya, kodwa futhi kukhombisa amathuba okusetshenziswa kabanzi enkundleni yamazwe ngamazwe.
Emazweni aseduze "neBelt and Road", ukusetshenziswa kweukushaja izinqwabasekuya ngokuya kuvama. Ngokubona isikhundla esiphambili saseShayina emkhakheni wezimoto ezintsha zamandla, la mazwe aqalise ubuchwepheshe benqwaba yokushaja yaseShayina ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo esikhula ngokushesha sokushaja izimoto ezintsha zamandla emazweni awo. Isibonelo, kwamanye amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, izinqolobane zokushaja ezenziwe eShayina sezibe umthombo oyinhloko wokushaja kwezithuthi zomphakathi zasendaweni kanye nezimoto zikagesi ezizimele. Ohulumeni nezinkampani kula mazwe babeka phambili ukwethulwa kwemikhiqizo nezinsizakalo zezinqwaba zokushaja zaseShayina lapho bekhuthaza izimoto ezintsha zamandla.
Ngaphezu kokuthandwa kokusetshenziswa kwazo, amathuba okushaja ama-pile emazweni aseBelt and Road nawo athembisa kakhulu. Okokuqala, la mazwe asalele emuva ekwakhiweni kwengqalasizinda, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wokushaja, ngakho-ke kunendawo enkulu yemakethe. Ngokuthunyelwa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe baseShayina, ukwakhiwa kwezikhungo zokushaja kula mazwe kulindeleke ukuthi kuthuthukiswe kakhulu. Okwesibili, ngokugcizelela emhlabeni wonke ekuvikelweni kwemvelo kanye nokusekelwa kwenqubomgomo kahulumeni yezimoto ezintsha zamandla, kulindeleke ukuthi eminyakeni embalwa ezayo,imoto entsha yamandlaImakethe emazweni aseduze kwe-“Belt and Road” izoletha ukukhula okukhulu, okuzoqhubekisela phambili isidingo semikhiqizo yokushaja inqwaba.
Ngaphansi kohlelo lwe-“Belt and Road”,imikhiqizo yokushaja inqwabaziye zasetshenziswa kabanzi emazweni amaningi endleleni, okulandelayo yizibonelo ezithile zezwe elithile:
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I-Uzbekistan
Ukusetshenziswa:
Ukusekelwa kwenqubomgomo: Uhulumeni wase-Uzbekistan ubheka ukubaluleka okukhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yezimoto ezintsha zamandla futhi ukufakile kuSu Lokuthuthukiswa 2022-2026, elichaza ngokucacile umgomo wesu wokushintshela "emnothweni oluhlaza" futhi ligxile ekukhuthazeni ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla kagesi. Ngenxa yalokhu, uhulumeni wethule uchungechunge lwezikhuthazo, njengokukhululwa enteleni yomhlaba kanye nokukhululwa enteleni yentela, ukukhuthaza ukwakhiwa kweziteshi zokushaja kanye nezinqwaba zokushaja.
Ukukhula Kwemakethe: Eminyakeni yamuva nje, isidingo sezimoto ezintsha zamandla kagesi e-Uzbekistan sikhule ngokushesha, kanti ukungeniswa kwaminyaka yonke kukhula ngokushesha kusuka kumayunithi angaphezu kwekhulu kuya kumayunithi angaphezu kwenkulungwane manje. Lesi sidingo esikhula ngokushesha siholele ekuthuthukisweni okusheshayo kwemakethe yezinqwaba zokushaja.
Izindinganiso zokwakha: Izindinganiso zokwakha iziteshi zokushaja zase-Uzbekistan zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili, esinye sezimoto zombane zaseShayina kanti esinye sezimoto zombane zaseYurophu. Iziteshi eziningi zokushaja zisebenzisa imishini yokushaja yalezi zindinganiso zombili ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokushaja zezinhlobo ezahlukene zezimoto zikagesi.
Ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe: Ukubambisana phakathi kweShayina ne-Uzbekistan embonini entsha yezimoto zikagesi zamandla kuyajula, futhi inani elithileInqwaba yokushaja yaseShayinaabakhiqizi sebeqedile ukufaka imikhumbi yephrojekthi, ukuthuthwa kwemishini kanye nokusiza ekufakweni nasekusebenzeni e-Uzbekistan, okusheshise ukungena kwamakhasimende embonini yezimoto zikagesi ezintsha zaseShayina nase-Uzbekistan emakethe.
Umbono:
Imakethe yenqwaba yokushaja kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke nokukhula ngokushesha njengoba uhulumeni wase-Uzbekistan eqhubeka nokukhuthaza imboni yezimoto ezintsha zamandla kanye nesidingo semakethe siyaqhubeka nokukhula.
Kulindeleke ukuthi iziteshi zokushaja ezengeziwe zizosatshalaliswa emadolobheni noma ngisho nasemadolobheni amancane noma ezifundeni esikhathini esizayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo eziningi zokushaja.
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Yiqiniso, ukuze sikhuthaze kangcono imikhiqizo yenqwaba yokushaja emazweni “eBelt and Road”, sidinga ukunqoba ezinye izinselele. Umehluko esakhiweni segridi yamandla, amazinga kagesi kanye nezinqubomgomo zokuphatha emazweni ahlukene kudinga ukuthi siqonde ngokugcwele futhi sizivumelanise nesimo sangempela sezwe ngalinye lapho sibeka inqwaba yokushaja. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sidinga futhi ukuqinisa ukuxhumana kanye nokubambisana nabalingani bendawo ukuze sikhuthaze ngokubambisana ukufika kwamaphrojekthi enqwaba yokushaja.
Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi lapho izinkampani zaseShayina zakha amanethiwekhi okushaja kwamanye amazwe, azigcini nje ngokugxila ezinzuzweni zomnotho, kodwa futhi zigcwalisa ngenkuthalo imithwalo yazo yemfanelo yomphakathi futhi zikhuthaze intuthuko esimeme. Isibonelo, kwamanye amaphrojekthi okubambisana, amabhizinisi aseShayina namabhizinisi endawo axhasa ngokubambisana izinsizakalo zokushaja izakhamuzi zendawo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo afaka amandla amasha entuthukweni yezomnotho yendawo. Le modeli yokubambisana ayigcini nje ngokuqinisa ubudlelwano bezomnotho phakathi kweShayina namazwe aseduze neBelt and Road, kodwa futhi inegalelo elihle ekuguqukeni okuluhlaza komhlaba wonke.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe,inqwaba yokushaja yesikhathi esizayoimikhiqizo izoba ehlakaniphile futhi esebenza kahle kakhulu. Isibonelo, ngokuhlaziywa kwedatha enkulu kanye nobuchwepheshe bobuhlakani bokwenziwa, ukuhlela okuhlakaniphile kanye nokwabiwa kahle kwama-pile okushaja kungatholakala, kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokushaja kanye nekhwalithi yesevisi. Ukuthuthukiswa kwalezi zobuchwepheshe kuzohlinzeka ngokusekelwa okuqinile ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zokushaja emazweni “eBelt and Road”.
Ngamafuphi, ukusetshenziswa kanye nethuba lokufaka imikhiqizo yenqwaba yokushaja emazweni e-“Belt and Road” kunethemba elikhulu. Esikhathini esizayo, sinesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi ngokubambisana okujulile phakathi kweShayina namazwe aseduze kwe-“Belt and Road” emikhakheni yezomnotho kanye nokuhweba, isayensi kanye nobuchwepheshe,imikhiqizo yokushaja inqwabaizodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kula mazwe, futhi inikele kakhulu ekukhuthazeni intuthuko eluhlaza yomhlaba wonke kanye nokwakha umphakathi wekusasa lomuntu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lokhu kuzovula nendawo ebanzi yokuthuthukiswa kochungechunge olusha lwemboni yamandla yaseShayina kanye nokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-09-2024
