Ngokushintsha kwesakhiwo samandla omhlaba kanye nokuthandwa komqondo wokuvikela imvelo, imakethe yezimoto zamandla amasha ikhula ngokushesha, futhi izindawo zokushaja eziyisekelayo zithole ukunakwa okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili. Ngaphansi kohlelo lwaseChina lwe-“Belt and Road”, ukushaja kwenqwaba akugcini nje ngokudlondlobala emakethe yasekhaya, kodwa futhi kukhombisa amathuba okusebenza okubanzi emkhakheni wamazwe omhlaba.
Emazweni agudle “Ibhande Nomgwaqo”, ukusetshenziswa kweukushaja izinqwabakuya ngokuya kuvama. Ngokubona iChina ihamba phambili emkhakheni wezimoto ezisebenza ngamandla amasha, la mazwe ethule ubuchwepheshe benqwaba eshajayo eChina ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo esikhula ngokushesha sokushaja izimoto ezisebenza ngamandla amasha emazweni awo. Ngokwesibonelo, kwamanye amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, izinqwaba zokushaja ezenziwe eShayina seziwumthombo oyinhloko wokushaja izinto zokuhamba zomphakathi zendawo kanye nezimoto ezizimele zikagesi. Ohulumeni nezinkampani kulawa mazwe babeka eqhulwini ukwethulwa kwemikhiqizo yenqwaba eshajayo yaseShayina kanye nezinsizakalo lapho bekhangisa izimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla.
Ngaphandle kokuduma kokusetshenziswa kwazo, amathuba okushaja izinqwaba emazweni aseBelt and Road nawo ayathembisa kakhulu. Okokuqala nje, la mazwe asalele emuva ngokwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wokushaja, ngakho inkulu indawo yemakethe. Ngokuthunyelwa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe baseShayina, ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokushaja kulawa mazwe kulindeleke ukuthi kuthuthukiswe kakhulu. Okwesibili, njengoba kugcizelelwa umhlaba wonke ekuvikelweni kwemvelo kanye nokwesekwa kwenqubomgomo kahulumeni ezimotweni ezintsha zamandla, kulindeleke ukuthi eminyakeni embalwa ezayo,imoto entsha yamandlaimakethe emazweni aseduze ne-"Belt and Road" izoletha ukukhula okukhulu, okuzoqhubeza phambili isidingo sokushaja imikhiqizo yenqwaba.
Ngaphansi kohlelo lwe-“Belt and Road”,ukushaja imikhiqizo yenqwabasezisetshenziswe kabanzi emazweni amaningi ahambisana nomzila, okulandelayo yizibonelo eziqondene nezwe elithile:
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I-Uzbekistan
Ukusetshenziswa:
Ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo: Uhulumeni wase-Uzbekistan ubheka ukubaluleka okukhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yezimoto ezintsha zamandla futhi ukufake ku-Development Strategy 2022-2026, ebeka ngokusobala inhloso yamasu yokudlulela “emnothweni oluhlaza” futhi egxile ekukhuthazeni ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezintsha. Kuze kube manje, uhulumeni wethule uchungechunge lwemihlomulo, njengokungakhokhi intela yomhlaba kanye nokungakhokhiswa intela, ukukhuthaza ukwakhiwa kweziteshi zokushaja nokukhokhisa inqwaba.
Ukukhula kwemakethe: Eminyakeni yamuva nje, isidingo sezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi emisha e-Uzbekistan sikhule ngokushesha, njengoba ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe kukhuphuka ngokushesha kusuka kumayunithi angaphezu kwekhulu kuya kumayunithi angaphezu kwenkulungwane manje. Lesi sidingo esikhula ngokushesha siholele ekuthuthukisweni okusheshayo kwemakethe yenqwaba eshajayo.
Amazinga okwakha: Amazinga okwakhiwa kwesiteshi sokushaja sase-Uzbekistan ahlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili, esisodwa sama-EVs ase-Chinese kanye nese-European EVs. Iziteshi eziningi zokushaja zisebenzisa izinto zokushaja zazo zombili izindinganiso ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zokushaja zezinhlobo ezahlukene zezimoto zikagesi.
Ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe: Ukubambisana phakathi kweChina ne-Uzbekistan embonini entsha yezimoto zikagesi ezisebenza ngogesi kuyakhula, kanti nenaniInqwaba yokushaja yaseShayinaabakhiqizi sebeqedile ukufaka iphrojekthi, ukuthuthwa kwemishini kanye nosizo ekufakweni nasekusebenzeni e-Uzbekistan, okusheshise ukungena kwamakhasimende embonini entsha yezimoto zikagesi zaseChina nase-Uzbekistan emakethe.
I-Outlook:
Imakethe yenqwaba eshajayo kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke nokukhula ngokushesha njengoba uhulumeni wase-Uzbekistan eqhubeka nokukhuthaza imboni yezimoto zamandla amasha kanye nesidingo semakethe siqhubeka nokukhula.
Kulindeleke ukuthi iziteshi zokushaja ezengeziwe zisatshalaliswe emadolobheni amakhulu noma kwehle emadolobheni amancane noma izifunda ngokuzayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokushaja eziningi.
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Yebo, ukuze sikhuthaze kangcono ukushaja imikhiqizo yenqwaba emazweni "Ebhande Nomgwaqo", sidinga ukunqoba izinselele ezithile. Umehluko wesakhiwo segridi yamandla, amazinga amandla kanye nezinqubomgomo zokuphatha emazweni ahlukene zidinga ukuthi siqonde ngokugcwele futhi sizivumelanise nesimo sangempela sezwe ngalinye lapho sibeka izinqwaba zokushaja. Ngaso leso sikhathi, sidinga futhi ukuqinisa ukuxhumana nokusebenzisana nabalingani bendawo ukuze sikhuthaze ngokuhlanganyela ukwethulwa kwemiklamo yenqwaba yokushaja.
Kuhle ukusho ukuthi lapho izinkampani zaseShayina zakha amanethiwekhi enqwaba eshajayo phesheya kwezilwandle, azigxili kuphela ezinzuzweni zezomnotho, kodwa futhi zifeza ngenkuthalo izibopho zazo zomphakathi futhi zikhuthaze intuthuko esimeme. Isibonelo, kwamanye amaphrojekthi wokubambisana, amabhizinisi aseShayina kanye namabhizinisi endawo ngokuhlanganyela axhasa ngezimali izinsiza zokushaja izakhamuzi zendawo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo afaka amandla amasha ekuthuthukisweni komnotho wendawo. Le modeli yokubambisana ayigcini nje ngokuqinisa izibopho zezomnotho phakathi kweChina namazwe agudle iBelt and Road, kodwa futhi yenza umnikelo omuhle ekuguqukeni kokuluhlaza emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe,inqwaba yokushaja yesikhathi esizayoimikhiqizo izohlakanipha futhi isebenze kahle. Isibonelo, ngokuhlaziywa kwedatha enkulu kanye nobuchwepheshe bobuhlakani bokwenziwa, ukuhlela okuhlakaniphile nokwabiwa kahle kwezinqwaba zokushaja kungenziwa, kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokushaja kanye nekhwalithi yesevisi. Ukuthuthukiswa kwalobu buchwepheshe kuzohlinzeka ngokusekela okuqinile ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zokushaja emazweni “Ebhande Nomgwaqo”.
Ukufingqa, ukusetshenziswa kanye nethemba lokushaja imikhiqizo yenqwaba emazweni "Ebhande Nomgwaqo" kunethemba elikhulu. Esikhathini esizayo, sinesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi ngokubambisana okujulile phakathi kweShayina namazwe ahambisana ne "Belt and Road" emkhakheni wezomnotho nokuhweba, isayensi nobuchwepheshe,ukushaja imikhiqizo yenqwabaizodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kulawa mazwe, futhi yenze umnikelo omkhulu ekukhuthazeni ukuthuthukiswa kohlaza emhlabeni wonke nokwakha umphakathi wekusasa lomuntu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lokhu kuzophinde kuvule indawo ebanzi yokuthuthukiswa kochungechunge lwemboni yezamandla entsha yaseShayina kanye nokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-09-2024
