Amaphampu amanzi elanga asebenza kanjani?

Amaphampu amanzi elangaziya ngokuya zithandwa njengendlela eqhubekayo nengabizi kakhulu yokuletha amanzi ahlanzekile emiphakathini nasemapulazini. Kodwa amaphampu amanzi elanga asebenza kanjani ngempela?

Amaphampu amanzi elanga asebenzisa amandla elanga ukupompa amanzi avela emithonjeni engaphansi komhlaba noma emathangini okugcina amanzi aye phezulu. Aqukethe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko: amaphaneli elanga, amaphampu kanye nabalawuli. Ake sibheke kabanzi ingxenye ngayinye nokuthi isebenza kanjani ndawonye ukuze inikeze amanzi athembekile.

Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yohlelo lokupompa amanzi ngelanga yi-iphaneli yelangaAmaphaneli akhiwe ngamaseli e-photovoltaic aguqula ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kube ugesi. Lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kushaya iphaneli yelanga, amaseli e-photovoltaic akhiqiza ugesi oqondile (DC), othunyelwa kumlawuli, olawula ukugeleza kogesi kuya epompo.

Amaphampu empeleni anesibopho sokuhambisa amanzi esuka emthonjeni aye lapho edingeka khona. Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezahlukene zamaphampu atholakalayo ezinhlelweni zokupompa amanzi elanga, kufaka phakathi amaphampu e-centrifugal kanye namaphampu acwiliswa emanzini. Lawa maphampu aklanyelwe ukusebenza kahle nokuqina, okuwavumela ukuthi aqhubeke nokusebenza ngisho nasezindaweni ezikude noma ezinzima.

Okokugcina, isilawuli sisebenza njengobuchopho bokusebenza. Siqinisekisa ukuthi iphampu isebenza kuphela uma kunokukhanya kwelanga okwanele ukuyinika amandla kahle, futhi sivikela iphampu emonakalweni ongaba khona obangelwa ukucindezela ngokweqile noma ugesi ngokweqile. Abanye abalawuli bafaka nezici ezifana nokuqapha okude kanye nokurekhoda idatha, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukulandelela ukusebenza kwesistimu nokwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko ezidingekayo.

Ngakho-ke, zonke lezi zingxenye zisebenza kanjani ndawonye ukupompa amanzi kusetshenziswa amandla elanga? Inqubo iqala ngamaphaneli elanga amunca ukukhanya kwelanga bese ekuguqula kube ugesi. Lawa mandla abe esethunyelwa kumlawuli, okunquma ukuthi kukhona yini amandla anele okusebenzisa ipompo. Uma izimo zivuma, umlawuli uvula ipompo, bese eqala ukupompa amanzi emthonjeni bese ewaletha lapho eya khona, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ithangi lokugcina, uhlelo lokunisela noma umkhombe wezilwane. Uma nje kunokukhanya kwelanga okwanele ukunika amandla ipompo, izoqhubeka nokusebenza, ihlinzeka ngamanzi njalo ngaphandle kwesidingo samafutha endabuko noma ugesi wegridi.

Kunezinzuzo eziningana zokusebenzisa uhlelo lokupompa amanzi ngelanga. Okokuqala, zinobungani nemvelo ngoba azikhiqizi ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa futhi zithembele emandleni avuselelekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zisebenza kahle njengoba zinganciphisa kakhulu noma ziqede izindleko zikagesi kanye nophethiloli. Amaphampu amanzi ngelanga nawo adinga ukulungiswa okuncane futhi ahlala isikhathi eside, okwenza abe yisisombululo samanzi esithembekile nesiqhubekayo ezindaweni ezikude noma ezingaphandle kwegridi.

Ngamafuphi, isimiso sokusebenza sephampu yamanzi yelanga ukusebenzisa amandla elanga ukupompa amanzi avela emithonjeni engaphansi komhlaba noma emathangini okugcina amanzi aye phezulu. Ngokusebenzisa amaphaneli elanga, amaphampu kanye nabalawuli, lezi zinhlelo zinikeza indlela ehlanzekile, ethembekile nengabizi kakhulu yokuthola amanzi lapho edingeka khona. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuthuthuka, amaphampu amanzi elanga azodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuhlinzekeni ngamanzi ahlanzekile emiphakathini kanye nakwezolimo emhlabeni jikelele.